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At the request of King Edward III of England, he was promoted
to the cardinalate. Created cardinal priest in the consistory of De-
cember 21, 1381. 13 Named, by papal provision, dean of York Min-

13 Most of the sources consulted indicate that he was given the title of S. Cecilia
at his promotion in 1381 (Baxter, England's cardinals, p. 26, says that he was
probably promoted in 1381 to cardinal priest of S. Cecilia. Bellenger, Princes
of the church. A history of the English cardinals, p. 27, says that he was created
cardinal in 1381, but does not mention the title; on p. 28, he states that his
cardinalatial dignity was restored in 1389, but without mentioning the title
either; finally, in Appendix I, p. 174, Bellenger indicates that he was created
cardinal of S. Cecilia in 1381. Cardella, Memorie storiche de' cardinali della
Santa Romana Chiesa, II, 283, says that he was created cardonal priest of the
title of S. Cecilia, without mentioning the date. Chacón, Vitæ, et res gestæ
Pontificvm Romanorum et S. R. E. Cardinalivm, II, col. 648, says that he was
created cardinal of S. Cecilia in the first promotion of Pope Urban VI; then,
on the same column, cites Felice Contelorio, Elenchvs eminentiss.m &
reuerendis.m S.R.E. cardinalivm ab anno 1294. ad annum 1430; ex bibliotheca
eminentiss. & reverendiss. principis D.D. card. Barberini S. R. E. Vicecancellarii.
Vita Martini qvinti (Romae: apud Andream Phaeum, 1641) p. 116, who wrote
that he was not elevated to the cardinalate in the third (or fourth) promotion.
Cristofori, Cronotasi dei cardinali di Santa Romana Chiesa, p. 68, lists him
among the occupants of the title of S. Cecilia between 1378 and 1385; and
again, between December 18, 1389 and September 20, 1397; on the same
page, Cristofori lists Cardinal Bonaventura Badoaro de Peraga, O.E.S.A., as
occupant of the see between 1384 or 1378 (?) and July 29, 1389. Eggs, Purpura
docta, II, 467, indicates that he was created cardinal priest of S. Cecilia by
Pope Urban VI, without mentioning the date. “Essai de liste générale des
cardinaux. VI. Les cardinaux du Grand Schisme (1378-1417)” in Annuaire
Pontifical Catholique 1931, p. 132, no. 26, indicates that he was created cardi-
nal priest on December 21, 1381, and that according to the letter addressed
to the Roman clergy that he signed at the end of 1381, with four other
cardinals, concerning the violence of Pope Urban VI, Cardinal Easton had
the title of S. Cecilia. Eubel, Hierarchia Catholica Medii Aevi, I, 24 (no. 26), says
that he was created cardinal of the title of S. Cecilia on December 21, 1381;
the same source, I, 40, indicates that Cardinal Easton was transferred to the
title of S. Cecilia on December 18, 1389, and that the title was occupied by
Cardinal Bonaventura Badoaro de Peraga, O.E.S.A., from September 18,
1378 until his death in 1389. Heseltine, The English cardinals: With some
account of those of other English-speaking countries, p. 50, states that he was
created cardinal priest of S. Cecilia “five years after the death of Cardinal
Simon Langham” (which occurred in 1376, although Heseltine, p. 49, says

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